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In-Vitro Fertilization(IVF) or fertility treatment refers to the medication followed to help those having problems in conceiving a child. So, artificial medical assistance aids them in the process. This kind of artificial medical assistance to support reproductive functions is increasingly becoming popular day by day.
Causes of Infertility
Following are the causes of infertility in men and women:
- Sperm transport disorders
- Disturbance of oocyte maturation
- Disturbances of sperm maturation
- Tubal factor
- Abnormalities of ovaries, fallopian tubes, or the uterus
- Endometriosis
Basic Fertility Tests
Specific fertility tests for Men includes:
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Semen Analysis: Semen analysis, also called a sperm count test, analyzes the viability and health of a man’s sperm. A semen analysis measures three major factors of sperm health including the number of sperm, the shape of the sperm, and sperm motility.
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Doppler of Scrotum: In certain cases, Doppler ultrasound may help identify blood flow inside the scrotum. This medical procedure is helpful in cases of testicular torsion as blood flow to the twisted testicle may be reduced.
Specific fertility tests for Women includes:
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Ultrasound Scan: An Ultrasound scan provides information on the ovaries, endometrial lining, and uterus. Specialized ultrasounds are used to evaluate ovarian reserves, assess the uterine shape in more detail, and check whether the fallopian tubes are open or blocked.
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Follicular Study: A Follicular Study is a series of scans helping you to know when you are ovulating. Usually, these scans will begin around the ninth day of your cycle and continue till ovulation occurs. The doctor examines the follicle development occurring in your ovaries for calculation of the exact time when the egg will be released.
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Hormone Blood Tests: When a woman is undergoing a fertility workup, day 3 of the menstrual cycle is the day she has blood work performed to check the levels of three important levels: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(FSH), Luteinizing Hormone(LH) and Estradiol (E2).
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FSH Blood Test: The FSH blood test helps to diagnose problems with menstruation, and fertility. It can be used to diagnose or examine polycystic ovary disease, ovarian cysts, irregular vaginal bleeding, and infertility.
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LH Blood Test: The LH blood test measures the amount of luteinizing hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. In women, LH levels rise at mid-cycle. LH levels higher than normal levels indicate several disorders including ovarian failure and polycystic ovary disease.
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Estradiol: Estradiol is primarily made in and released from the ovaries, adrenal cortex, and the placenta. It is responsible for the growth of the breasts, uterus, outer genitals, vagina, and fallopian tubes.